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Pelvic pain almost always comes with pelvic tenderness. Studies have shown that people suffering from chronic pelvic pain syndrome are more prone to tenderness in the pelvic, than those without pelvic pain. Pelvic tenderness can also be due to pelvic abscesses or caused by contusions due to strenuous physical activity. High level activities sometimes can cause bruises in the pelvic region causing tenderness. Body builders or professional sport players sometimes have this condition.

Pelvic tenderness due to pelvic pain can result from many reasons. It can be caused by of an inflammation or infection. This can occur anywhere in the pelvic region, which are the reproductive organs, bladder, appendix or bowels. There are many conditions that have pelvic pain and tenderness as one of their symptoms, these are:

• Irritable Bowel Syndrome – IBS causes a cramp kind of sensation in the lower abdomen, causing the pelvic area to get inflamed and become tender.

• Diverticulitis – Is a condition where small pouches grow in the lining of the colon or the large intestine and bulge out through weak spots. Usually diverticulitis is not accompanied by any discomfort however there might be abdominal pain from time to time. The most common sign of this condition is tenderness in the pelvic region.

• Kidney or Bladder Stones – Can be extremely painful. Kidney stones that remain in the kidney can cause severe pelvic pain as well as tenderness.

• Muscle Spasms or Strains – Pelvic floor tension myalgia is a condition where the pelvic muscles around the vagina and anus, spasm. This leads to the area becoming tender.

• Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases – Is when there is an infection in the fallopian tubes, uterus or other reproductive organs. PIDs happens when bacteria moves upwards from a woman’s cervix or vagina and into the reproductive organs. This condition causes the pelvic region to become inflamed and tender.

• Vaginal Infections – Is a condition where the vagina is inflamed and this creates odor, discharge, itching or irritation. These symptoms often lead to pelvic pain and tenderness.

• Sexually Transmitted Diseases – STDs can be of different kinds but most often than not Chlamydia and gonorrhea can cause pelvic tenderness and pain.

• Ovarian Cysts – Which refer to fluid filled sacs on or within the surface of an ovary. These cysts usually are harmless and cause no major discomfort to the woman; though cysts that are ruptured pose serious symptoms. One of the symptoms is intermittent or constant pelvic pain. The pain and tenderness starts just before the menstrual cycle begins or ends and also during intercourse.

• Pregnancy – Sometimes causes pelvic pain and tenderness. This can happen due to pressure from your baby’s weight, round ligament pain, functional ovarian cysts, accommodation pains, relaxed pelvic joints, constipation, UTIs and or Braxton Hicks contractions. If the pelvic pain is accompanied by fever and bleeding, consult your doctor right away.

Menstrual cramps refer to sharp pains that occur in the lower abdomen in a woman, it happens when the menstrual period begins and may go on for two to three days. Although the pain is in the lower abdomen region, the surrounding areas also sometimes tend to start paining and feel tender. You should consult your health care provider immediately if the pelvic pain is sudden, intense and causes you to double over.

Apart from these causes, pelvic pain and tenderness can also be due to endometriosis, pelvic adhesions and vulvodynia.

Treatment for pelvic pain and tenderness will depend on diagnosis for the underlying problem, the severity of the pain, and the frequency at which it occurs. Medical tests will be needed to be conducted to pinpoint the exact reason for the condition.

Reference

1. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2490/7/17

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