Women with a normal menstrual cycle usually experience bleeding for about five days on an average. However women with menorrhagia may experience bleeding for more than seven days. The blood flow is also much higher than in a normal menstrual cycle. Menorrhagia refers to irregular and heavy bleeding and a longer span of the menstrual period. It is one of the causes of heavy menstrual bleeding. The symptoms of this condition include blood clots in the menstrual flow, lower abdominal pain, tiredness, shortness of breath, longer menstrual period for more than one week and anemia. Women with menorrhagia may also have to change their sanitary protection more frequently and even during the night.
There can be various causes of heavy menstrual bleeding. One such cause is an increased level of prostaglandins, which are chemical substances that help in regulating uterine muscle contractions. Uterine fibroids, abnormal pregnancies such as an ectopic pregnancy or a miscarriage, pelvic inflammatory disease, hormonal imbalances, and systemic disorders are some of the other causes of heavy bleeding during menstrual cycle. Liver, thyroid and kidney disease may also lead to abnormally heavy periods. Some women may also experience heavy menstrual bleeding and clots due to a high level of endothelins which cause dilation of the blood vessels. Bleeding or platelet disorders may also be one of the causes of heavy menstrual bleeding in some cases. The diagnosis of menorrhagia is done through a medical examination of the uterus and ovaries. A sample of the womb lining may also be taken for further analysis. Anemia, hormonal imbalances and thyroid problems may be detected through blood tests. The possibility of cancer may also be detected through a smear test.
The treatment for menorrhagia will depend upon the underlying cause. In some cases, hormone replacement therapy, birth control pills and progesterone pills may be administered to control the blood flow. Heavy flow may also be reduced through the intake of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Since many women with menorrhagia suffer from anemia, iron supplements may also become necessary. In severe cases, surgery may become necessary. The last resort of treatment for this condition involves a hysterectomy wherein the ovaries and uterus are surgically removed. Adequate rest is also important as exertion could aggravate the problem. It is advisable to refrain from any rigorous physical activity. Anxiety and mental stress must also be avoided. Some home remedies are believed to provide relief from menstrual cycle heavy bleeding. A tea prepared from cinnamon or coriander seeds is known to decrease the blood flow.
answered by G R