Iron is an essential nutrient for humans, and is especially important for red blood cells, which are the cells that transport oxygen to tissues all over the body. Iron is needed for a number of other complex physiological processes, but its use in red blood cells is probably the most important. A deficiency of iron usually results in anemia, a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin. Although anemia can be caused by many other factors, iron deficiency anemia is the most common form of this condition.
Being a vegetarian does not really have much impact on your iron metabolism. It is true that meat products are high in iron - this includes poultry, fish, and red meat too - however, these are not the only foods that are rich in iron. There are several plant sources of food that are rich in iron, and you can easily meet your iron requirements by consuming these foods. Leafy vegetables, lentils, and beans have substantial quantities of iron. (Spinach has a reputation for being high in iron, but it also contains substances that block iron absorption.) If you consume milk products, then you have an additional source of iron - tofu. If for some reason you are unable to get enough of these foods, you can also choose from a number of iron fortified, packaged foods that are available today. Most breakfast cereals and muesli these days are fortified with varies vitamins and minerals, and iron is usually included here. Other products that are often fortified with iron include wheat flour and bread.
In some cases of anemia, a person may need to take iron supplements - this is only if the anemia is caused by an iron deficiency, and should only be done with medical supervision. Excessive consumption of iron is toxic, as the free iron helps to convert hydrogen peroxide into free radicals, which then damage and destroy cells. In the long term, high levels of iron in the blood can thus result in organ damage, and even in death. An excessive amount of iron in the body is also thought to increase one’s susceptibility to bacterial infections. This is because bacteria also need iron to survive, and they typically get this iron from the host. If there is no excess of iron that is available to the bacteria, they find it much more difficult to survive. Iron toxicity is extremely unlikely to result solely from dietary habits - it is usually the result of taking iron supplements without medical supervision.
answered by G M