Cellulitis can result from various types of bacterial infections. The bacterium that most commonly causes this condition is streptococcus. These bacteria spread through the skin very quickly as they secrete enzymes which do not allow the tissues to restrict the infection. Cellulitis may also be caused by the staphylococcus bacteria or other types of bacteria, which infest the body especially after injuries that occur in dirt and water, and after animal bites. The bacteria penetrate the body through small tears in the epidermis of the skin which may have occurred due to punctures, cuts, burns and scrapes. Those areas of the skin that swell due to fluid buildup are more prone to bacterial infestation. Individuals in whom blood circulation takes place poorly are more at risk for developing cellulitis. It is also possible for cellulitis to develop in areas of the skin that have not been injured.
The legs are the most commonly affected by cellulitis, although it can occur in other areas of the body as well. Initial symptoms of cellulitis include pain, tenderness and reddening of the skin around the affected area. These symptoms result due to both the action of the bacteria and the body's natural defense response against the infection. The infected area may also become swollen and warm, and the skin may become pitted. In some cases, blisters may also develop on the affected skin. Other symptoms of cellulitis include fever, elevated heart rate, headache, chills and low blood pressure. With the spread of the infection, the lymph nodes in the area become tender and swollen. The lymphatic vessels may also become inflamed. In rare case, the bacteria may enter the blood, resulting in severe illness. If cellulitis recurs in the same area of the body, the lymphatic vessels in the area may become damaged, leading to permanent swelling of the infected tissues.
In all cases of cellulitis, medical attention is necessary. It is important to follow the doctor's advice and the prescribed medication properly. There are some steps that can be taken at home to aid in good recovery of the body. A balanced diet, moderate exercise and light massage helps to promote proper healing and general well being. Massage should be carried out only by a trained specialist. This will ensure that the body is optimally and naturally stimulated, thereby allowing for elimination of toxins and toning of the muscles. An herbal application consisting of slippery elm and goldenseal may also be applied to the affected area twice daily for relief from pain and discomfort.
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