The area under the eyes is very delicate and the skin in this area is thinner than it is on other parts of the body. As such the blood vessels that are present below the skin are easily visible, giving the appearance of dark circles. This becomes especially pronounced when the blood vessels dilate. The eyes are surrounded by pads of fat which are held in place by muscles that surround the eye lids. With age, these muscles and the skin surrounding them become less elastic resulting in sagging. When the skin sags, the blood vessels beneath become more visible. Under eye dark circles are also seen to have hereditary factors and if someone in your family has this problem, you are at a higher risk of suffering from it. This could be due to the fact that in some people, the skin under the eyes is more transparent and if you have had dark circles since you were young, this could be a genetic trait.
People with fair skin also find that the dark circles under the eyes appear more pronounced. Lack of sleep or inadequate sleep tends to cause the blood vessels to become more visible. Increased exposure to the sun can also result in age spots in the under eye area which leads to the weakening of the skin and dark circles. Accumulation of fluid can cause the blood vessels to become dilated. This could arise due to excessive salt intake or cigarette smoking. Weight loss that takes place suddenly and in large amounts or improper nutrition can also make the face look sunken thereby leading to the appearance of dark circles. Infections of the skin such as eczemas or allergies can also cause dark circles. Certain medications are known to cause the dilation of the blood vessels, leading to darkened skin under the eyes.
In order to reduce and prevent dark circles under the eyes, it is essential to ensure that you get an adequate amount of good quality sleep every night. You can also try elevating your head slightly and sleeping, as this will prevent fluid from accumulating in the lower eye lids and the area below the eyes. There are also many simple home remedies that can help in reducing dark circles. These involve the use of ingredients that are easily available at home and hence are not expensive at all. A mixture of lemon juice and tomato juice may be applied to the darkened areas under the eyes. You can also make a paste of turmeric and pineapple juice and apply this to your skin. The juice of potato and cucumber may also be mixed and applied to the dark circles. An effective remedy for getting rid of dark circles is to apply rose water over the entire area before you go to bed.
answered by G M