The urine is composed of waste and excess water which the kidneys filter from the blood. Urine gets its color from a pigment called urochrome which is created when hemoglobin breaks down. The normal color of the urine depends upon the amount of water you consume. The yellow pigment in the urine is diluted by fluids and as such the more water you drink the more clearer the urine is likely to appear. If you drink less water, the urine is likely to become concentrated. In cases of dehydration, the urine can even take on an amber color. The urine may become discolored for many reasons such as consumption of certain food, food coloring or medications. Other health conditions could also cause the urine to become discolored.
The dark coffee colored urine you mention could occur due to intake of medications such as anti-malaria medication, laxatives, muscle relaxants and other antibiotics. Problems of the liver such as those which cause cirrhosis and hepatitis may also result in dark colored urine. A kidney disorder in which the kidneys are unable to eliminate excess water and waste products called glomerulonephritis is also known to cause the urine to become dark brown. In most cases, the color changes in the urine are not accompanied by other symptoms. If the cause of the color change is a urinary infection, then there could be symptoms such as a burning sensation during urination, persistent urges to urinate, lower abdominal pain, fever and chills. The urine could also take on a very strong odor. Jaundice is usually characterized by a darkening of the urine and occurs when there are excessively high levels of bilirubin in the blood. It is caused by liver problems or obstructions in the flow of bile. If you are experiencing other symptoms such as blood discharge in the urine, pale stools and yellowing of the eyes and skin, then you must see a doctor as this could be indicative of another medical condition.
It is important to consume sufficient quantities of water daily so that the urine does not become concentrated. This will also aid in flushing out any urinary tract or kidney infections. Barley water is also very good for bladder infections. Add a teaspoon of honey and some salt to it and drink daily. One must also consume plenty of fresh fruit and eat clean and well cooked meals to keep infection and diseases at bay. If the condition of dark urine persists, it is advisable to undergo a medical examination to determine the cause and obtain the appropriate treatment.
answered by G M