Colon cancer is the cancer of the large intestine or colon, and rectal cancer is the cancer of last 8-10 inches of the large intestine, therefore, both these together are known as colorectal cancer. The beginning of colon cancer is benign growth in form of small lumps inside the colon. These small clump cells are called adenomatous polyps, though initially benign, these become cancerous after sometime and cause colon cancer.
There are very less or few colon cancer symptoms, especially at the beginning when these polyps are small in size, however, as the cancer grows the symptoms become more persistent and noticeable to you. The symptoms include blood in stools, gas, abdominal pain, cramps, weight loss, etc. care should be taken to visit a doctor once such symptoms are noticed.
Though this type of cancer is on the rise worldwide, it can be controlled, with some changes and control over diet. Colorectal cancer does not turn up overnight; the cancer has been in formation for quite sometime inside the body, it might also take some years for the cancer to show up the symptoms of an advanced cancerous stage.
Like any other cancer, this cancer too forms when there is not requirement for the cells to divide and grow any more, and thus forms into cancer. In colorectal cancer, adenomas and inflammatory polyps have more chances of becoming cancerous over the period of time, whereas hyperplastic polyps might rarely become cancerous threat.
There are several reason for colon cancer or colorectal cancer, these are diet, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, diabetes, inflammatory intestinal conditions, alcohol, etc. there is a use of a technique called colonoscopy for the purpose of diagnosis of colon cancer.
Colonoscopy involves examination of large colon by attaching a fiber optic camera to a flexible tube which is passed through anus. This provides the doctors with visual diagnosis which in turn helps identifying the cancer and the areas where cancer has affected. Colonoscopy is also done after surgical removal of cancer to find out any remaining traces of cancer in colon.
Treatment of cancer includes surgery and other combined therapies along with surgery like the radiation therapy and chemotherapy so that there is a guarantee that all cancers have been removed from the body and that there are no traces of this cancer remaining to avoid spreading of this cancer to other parts of the body. Colorectal cancer can be avoided if you eat regular healthy food, which is rich in fiber along with fresh vegetables and fruits.
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